Medical Laboratory Scientist (MLS) ASCP Practice Exam

Gilbert's syndrome is a common and usually benign condition that leads to mild hyperbilirubinemia. It is caused by a genetic mutation that results in reduced activity of the enzyme responsible for bilirubin conjugation in the liver. As a result, individuals with Gilbert's syndrome often have elevated levels of unconjugated bilirubin, particularly during fasting or illness.

This condition is typically asymptomatic and does not cause any significant health issues or complications. Many individuals with Gilbert's syndrome are unaware they have it until a routine blood test reveals elevated bilirubin levels. Because it is a benign condition and generally does not lead to adverse health effects, treatment is not necessary or recommended.

In contrast, conditions like Crigler-Najjar syndrome and Dubin-Johnson syndrome have more serious implications and may require intervention. Pheochromocytoma, being a tumor of the adrenal gland, is associated with hormonal imbalances and also requires treatment. Gilbert's syndrome's benign nature is what sets it apart, making it a condition that does not typically necessitate medical treatment despite the presence of hyperbilirubinemia.