Medical Laboratory Scientist (MLS) ASCP Practice Exam

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is primarily characterized by left ventricular dysfunction. This condition occurs when the heart's ability to pump blood effectively is compromised, leading to a decreased cardiac output. The left ventricle, which is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood to the body, becomes weakened or stiff, resulting in insufficient blood flow and increased pressure in the lungs and other parts of the circulatory system.

Left ventricular dysfunction is a key feature of CHF because it directly affects the heart's efficiency and capacity to meet the body's demands for oxygen and nutrients. This dysfunction can stem from various underlying issues such as coronary artery disease, hypertension, or prior myocardial infarctions (heart attacks). The body's compensatory mechanisms, like increasing heart rate and fluid retention, may initially mask the symptoms, but they can lead to further complications over time.

Understanding left ventricular dysfunction is crucial because it informs the management and treatment strategies for CHF, emphasizing the importance of addressing the underlying causes and optimizing heart function to improve patient outcomes.